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In the second paragraph, the word “most” in “the most...
Ano:
2025
Banca:
Instituto Quadrix - Quadrix
Text for items 31 to 40.
1 In the early 2000s, when Amazon introduced
its Kiva robots to automate warehouse operations,
employees feared for their jobs as machines began taking
4 over tasks previously performed by humans. Today,
advances in gen AI and natural language processing,
such as ChatGPT, are transforming many industries and
7 raising similar concerns. However, unlike past automation
technologies, gen AI has the unique potential to impact
all job sectors, particularly given its fundamental ability
10 to improve its capabilities over time – which promises
to affect the workforce in ways that go beyond simple
job replacement.
13 In new research, forthcoming in Management
Science, we explore the impact gen AI has already had
on the labor market by examining trends in demand
16 for online freelancers. Our findings show significant
short‑term job replacement after these tools were
introduced, and that jobs prone to automation, like
19 writing and coding, were the most affected by ChatGPT.
Our research also examines how competition, job
requirements, and employer willingness‑to‑pay have
22 changed to better understand how the online job market
is evolving with the rise of gen AI. Although still in its
early stages, gen AI’s impact on online labor markets is
25 already becoming discernible, suggesting potential shifts
in long‑term labor market dynamics that could bring both
challenges and opportunities.
28 To conduct our study, we analyzed 1.388.711 job
posts from a leading global online freelancing platform
from July 2021 to July 2023. Online freelancing platforms
31 provide a good setting for examining emerging trends
due to the digital, task‑oriented, and flexible nature
of work on these platforms. We focus our analysis on
34 the introduction of two types of gen AI tools: ChatGPT
and image‑generating AI. Specifically, we wanted to
understand whether the introduction and diffusion of
37 these tools decreased demand for jobs on this platform
and, if so, which types of jobs and skills are affected most
and by how much.
40 Using a machine learning algorithm, we first
grouped job posts into different categories based on
their detailed job descriptions. These categories were
43 then classified into three types: manual‑intensive
jobs (e.g., data and office management, video services,
and audio services), automation‑prone jobs (e.g., writing;
46 software, app, and web development; engineering),
and image‑generating jobs (e.g., graphic design and
3D modeling). We then examined the impact that the
49 introduction of Gen AI tools had on demand across these
different types of jobs.
We find that the introduction of ChatGPT
52 and image‑generating tools led to nearly immediate
decreases in posts for online gig workers across job
types, but particularly for automation‑prone jobs. After
55 the introduction of ChatGPT, there was a 21% decrease
in the weekly number of posts in automation‑prone
jobs compared to manual‑intensive jobs. Writing jobs
58 were affected the most (30.37% decrease), followed
by software, app, and web development (20.62%) and
engineering (10.42%).
Internet: www.hbr.org (adapted).
In relation to the text and its linguistics aspects, judge the following items.
In the second paragraph, the word “most” in “the most affected by ChatGPT.” could be replaced by more.
C
Certo
E
Errado