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According to the text, what is the main consequence of...

Ano: 2026
Banca: Fundação Universidade Empresa de Tecnologia e Ciências - FUNDATEC
Prova: FUNDATEC - Prefeitura de Bom Jesus - Professor - Área: Língua Inglesa - 2026

Reduced physical activity due to global heating will lead to rise in health issues, study says


By Chloé Farand


  1. Rising temperatures are making physical activity undesirable and even dangerous in many
  2. parts of the world, and as global heating worsens, it will further affect how much people are able
  3. to move.
  4. Researchers analysed data from 156 countries between 2000 and 2022 and modelled how
  5. rising temperatures may affect physical activity globally by 2050.
  6. They found that each additional month with an average temperature above 27.8 ºC would
  7. increase physical inactivity by an average of 1.5 percentage points globally, with an even higher
  8. increase of 1.85 points in low and middle-income countries.
  9. Physical inactivity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, certain
  10. cancers and mental health disorders, all of which shorten life expectancy, said the study’s lead
  11. author, Christian García-Witulski, a research fellow at the Lancet Countdown Latin America and
  12. a professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina.
  13. Reduced physical activity is already a big global health problem and is responsible for an
  14. estimated 5% of all adult deaths, according to the study, which was published in the Lancet
  15. Global Health journal. About a third of the world’s population fails to meet World Health
  16. Organization guidelines for weekly exercise.
  17. The study projects that the increase in physical inactivity could contribute to about half a
  18. million additional premature deaths annually and $2.4bn – $3.68bn in productivity losses by
  19. 2050.
  20. The biggest increases in inactivity are projected to be in hotter regions such as Central
  21. America, the Caribbean, eastern sub-Saharan Africa, and equatorial southeast Asia, where
  22. inactivity could rise by more than four percentage points a month.
  23. “This is not just a climate story, it is also an inequality story. The places expected to face
  24. the greatest increases in climate-driven inactivity are often the same places with fewer resources
  25. to adapt,” said García-Witulski.
  26. “In settings where people have less access to cooling, fewer safe indoor alternatives, and
  27. less flexibility in their daily schedules, heat appears more likely to translate into reduced physical
  28. activity.”
  29. The model also predicted a bigger increase in inactivity among women, which could reflect
  30. physiological differences as well as social factors, such as less time and access to cool places for
  31. exercise, said García-Witulski.
  32. The findings are modelled projections based on self-reported activity surveys and don’t
  33. account for other climate impacts such as extreme rainfall, flooding and tropical cyclones.
  34. The authors say the results show that physical activity should be treated as a
  35. climate-sensitive public health issue, not just an individual lifestyle choice.
  36. “Staying active in a warming world depends not only on personal motivation, but also on
  37. urban design, infrastructure and access to reliable information. In practical terms,
  38. climate-resilient physical activity policies are those that help people remain active safely even
  39. under hotter conditions,” said García-Witulski.
  40. That includes designing cooler cities by expanding the tree cover and shade networks in
  41. streets and parks, providing affordable air-conditioned places to exercise, and giving clear advice
  42. on how to stay safe in extreme heat, as well as ambitious emissions reductions.


(Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2026/mar/16/reduced-physical-activity-dueto-global-heating-rise-health-issues-study – text specially adapted for this test).

According to the text, what is the main consequence of rising global temperatures for human health?

A

An increase in heat-related discomfort that encourages indoor exercise.

B

A reduction in physical activity that could lead to half a million premature deaths by 2050.

C

A decrease in heat-related health risks as people gradually adapt to higher temperatures.

D

A shift toward more outdoor exercise as temperatures become more favourable in most regions.

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