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TEXT I
Definition of ESP (Dudley-Evans, 1997)
Absolute Characteristics
1. ESPis defined to meet specific needs of the learners
2. ESP makes use of underlying methodology and activities of the discipline it serves
3. ESP is centered on the language appropriate to these activities in terms of grammar, lexis, register, study skills, discourse and genre.
Adapted from:
https://www.laurenceanthony.net/abstracts/ESParticle.html. Access on September 19, 2021.
The underlined adjective in the sentence "Masks are still mandatory for all individuals on public and private transportation systems" means:
optional
voluntary
suggested
compulsory