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Richards & Rodgers outline method histories: Grammar-Translation privileges metalinguistic analysis; Direct emphasizes target-language use; Audiolingual leverages drills and habit formation. Contemporary approaches include Communicative Language Teaching, the Lexical Approach (cf. Lewis) privileging chunks, and Task-Based Language Teaching (cf. Long, Willis) organizing instruction around tasks with real outcomes. Choose the correct option.
GTM prioritizes spontaneous oral fluency.
CLT forbids explicit form-focused instruction.
Audiolingualism centers on discovery learning without repetition.
TBLT organizes syllabi around real-world tasks and outcomes.
Lexical Approach treats chunks as errors to be corrected.