Questões de Concurso sobre Falso Cognatos | False Cognates

Os falsos cognatos (*false friends*) representam um desafio significativo para falantes de português aprendendo inglês, pois são palavras com grafia ou pronúncia semelhantes nas duas línguas, mas com significados total ou parcialmente diferentes. A familiaridade aparente dessas palavras pode levar a interpretações equivocadas de textos e a erros de comunicação. A conscientização e o estudo ativo desses termos são essenciais no processo de aquisição lexical.

Acerca do tema dos falsos cognatos entre o inglês e o português, marque V, para as afirmativas verdadeiras, e F, para as falsas:

(__)O verbo "pretend" em inglês significa "fingir" ou "simular", não possuindo o mesmo significado do verbo "pretender" (ter a intenção de) em português.

(__)A palavra "actually" em inglês é um sinônimo exato da palavra "atualmente" em português, ambas se referindo ao tempo presente.

(__)A palavra "library" em inglês refere-se a um local onde se compram livros, sendo o cognato exato de "livraria" em português.

(__)O adjetivo "sensible" em inglês é usado para descrever uma pessoa "sensível" ou emotiva, assim como em português.

Após análise, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta dos itens acima, de cima para baixo:

The agenda in language acquisition studies was set by Noam Chomsky’s assertion (1965) that language is an innately acquired faculty. Chomsky’s arguments were based upon aspects of acquisition which are difficult to account for unless genetic transmission gives the child a head start.

The correct sequence of True and False statements, according to Chomsky’s considerations on language acquisition, from top to bottom, include:

( ) the short period of time within which a child achieves grammatical competence. ( ) the lack of correction or explicit teaching by adults.

( ) the ‘poverty of the stimulus’ available to the child in the form of natural speech with its hesitations, false starts and syntactic errors.

( ) the fact that not all normally developing children acquire full competence, regardless of differences in their intellectual capacity.

Cognates can help recognize meanings in English texts, while false cognates require more attention to avoid misinterpretations. Regarding the topic, analyze the following statements:

I. The word important is a true cognate that means "importante" in Portuguese.

II. The word fabric does not mean "fábrica" in Portuguese but rather "tecido."

III. The term eventually is not a true cognate of "eventualmente" because it means "finally" or "in the end."

The correct statements are:

In the sentence “She said she loved swimming, but actually, she is afraid of deep water”, the word false cognate is

Consider the sentence below:

"Despite facing many challenges, the chemists and druggists eventually established their independence from the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries."

The word "eventually" is often mistaken for a cognate in Portuguese. What is its correct meaning in English?

Os cognatos (cognates) e falsos cognatos (false cognates) são fenômenos linguísticos que ilustram a proximidade e as armadilhas entre línguas, respectivamente. Enquanto os cognatos facilitam a inferência lexical devido à sua semelhança ortográfica e semântica, os falsos cognatos, ao apresentarem semelhança ortográfica, mas significado distinto, requerem um esforço deliberado do aprendiz para internalizar a diferença, sendo que o reconhecimento desses padrões é essencial para o desenvolvimento da habilidade de compreensão leitora e a precisão na produção escrita.

To learn vocabulary effectively, students can use "cognates". Cognates are:

Cognates and false cognates can either facilitate or hinder the understanding of texts in English, depending on the context in which they are used. Regarding the topic, mark T for true statements and F for false ones.

( )The word library means "livraria" in Portuguese.

( )The term actually is equivalent to "atualmente" in Portuguese.

( )The word parents refers to "parentes" in Portuguese.

( )The word education is a true cognate that means "educação" or "ensino" in Portuguese.

The correct sequence is:

Consider the sentence below:

"Her actual plan was to pretend she was studying with her parents at the library, but they didn't realize the truth."

How many false friends are there?

Scientists have discovered new mummified bodies in South America that display elaborate tattoo art.

The researchers involved in the study mentioned in the text were aware of the existence of the tattoos on the mummies, but could not easily discern the designs.

In a TED Talk about space exploration, students understood terms like "constellation," "gravitational," and "atmospheric" without prior teaching. However, they misinterpreted "actually" as "currently" and "pretend" as "intend." The interpretation errors occurred due to:

Which of the following items is written INCORRECTLY?

Based on Text II, mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).

( ) The Department of Education had conducted listening sessions in 2022 with more than 70 educators to gauge their views on AI.

( ) According to studies, AI will serve in only two teaching-and-learning roles in the future: instructional assistant and teaching assistant.

( ) AI models might support customized learning for students with disabilities and provide translation for English language learners.

The statements are, respectively:

A inclusão escolar visa promover a participação equitativa de todos os alunos no processo educacional. Acerca do assunto, marque V para as afirmativas verdadeiras e F para as falsas:

(__)A inclusão escolar se limita a atender apenas alunos com deficiências físicas, ignorando outras necessidades específicas.

(__)A inclusão não exige adaptações curriculares ou recursos pedagógicos diferenciados.

(__)A colaboração entre família, professores e equipe multidisciplinar é essencial para o sucesso da inclusão escolar.

(__)A inclusão escolar promove um ambiente acolhedor, respeitando a diversidade e garantindo a equidade no aprendizado.

A sequência está correta em:

False cognates (or "false friends") are words that look similar in Portuguese and English but have different meanings. Analyze the following statements about common false cognates:

I."Library" in English means "biblioteca" (a place to borrow books), not "livraria" (a place to buy books, which is "bookstore").

II."Parents" in English means "pais" (father and mother), not "parentes" (which is "relatives").

III."Actually" in English means "na verdade" or "de fato", not "atualmente" (which is "currently" or "nowadays").

What is stated in the following is correct:

A cognate is a word that has the same origin as another word, or is related in some way to another word. False cognates are words that look similar to an English word, but actually have a different meaning. Read the information and choose the alternative that presents a cognate word.

The word “data”, on the first line of the fifth paragraph, is a false cognate. Another false cognate in the context of the sentence given is

Os falsos cognatos podem ser uma armadilha para quem está aprendendo um novo idioma, pois podem causar confusões e erros de tradução. Dessa forma, é essencial conhecer os falsos cognatos, para evitar constrangimentos. Dentre as palavras abaixo, todas retiradas do texto, o falso cognato é:

Role-playing games (RPGs) provide players with the opportunity to create their own characters and accomplish tasks to acquire rewards and points. In addition, role-playing games typically rely on advanced language skills to accomplish objectives.

Read the statements carefully and choose the option that shows the correct order of true and false information about RPGs and Second Language (L2) learning.

( ) RPGs can enhance L2 learning by offering immersive, context-rich environments that require comprehension of the target language to complete quests.

( ) In RPGs, understanding the language is not a prerequisite for progression, as quests can often be completed through random actions.

( ) Character customization in RPGs can significantly enhance learner engagement, promoting language practice in a way that is both personalized and enjoyable.

( ) RPGs often emphasize the memorization of vocabulary and dialogues, which is not considered crucial for second language acquisition.

( ) The interactive and goal-oriented nature of RPGs fosters L2 learning by motivating players to apply their language skills in problem-solving and engaging with the game's environment.

( ) RPGs provide players with experience points and incentives, which can diminish the need to concentrate on the language utilized within the game.

The correct sequence of True and False statements, from top to bottom, is: