Questões de Concurso sobre Vocabulário

A presença da Língua Inglesa no cotidiano brasileiro manifesta-se através de empréstimos linguísticos que sofrem processos de relexicalização ou adaptação fonológica. O uso de termos estrangeiros no Português do Brasil (PB) reflete não apenas a influência cultural, mas a necessidade de nomear novos fenômenos tecnológicos e comportamentais. Analisando o fenômeno dos estrangeirismos e sua integração lexical no sistema linguístico nacional, assinale a alternativa correta.

A competência lexical envolve o conhecimento de como as palavras se combinam convencionalmente e como se organizam em redes de significado. Acerca deste tema, registre V, para as afirmativas verdadeiras, e F, para as falsas:

(__) Collocations são combinações habituais de palavras que soam naturais para falantes nativos, como o uso de "make" em "make a mistake" e "do" em "do homework".

(__) Um campo semântico refere-se a um grupo de palavras que compartilham um tema comum, como "physician," "nurse," e "surgeon" dentro do campo da medicina.

(__) O fenômeno dos "false cognates" descreve palavras que possuem ortografia semelhante em inglês e português e que compartilham exatamente o mesmo significado em qualquer contexto.

(__) A fixidez das collocations permite que o falante substitua livremente os termos por sinônimos dicionarizados sem alterar a naturalidade ou a correção idiomática da frase.

Após análise, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência CORRETA dos itens acima, de cima para baixo:

Read the excerpt and fillin the blanks with the words indicated below.

During the next 50 years an incredible ______ of new technologies is expected to move from the lab to the world of business. We are already seeing evidence of this today. Robots are replacing humans on the production lines. Microcomputers have become _____ in offices. Bio-factories are beginning to manufacture of engineered human insulin. The coming decades promise to be especially volatile and exciting for American business. The expected _____ will profoundly change not only our lives but those of our children and grandchildren.

For the more developed nations, this era of turmoil will be marked by economic difficulties, problems with _____ and pollution, and continually dwindling resources.

The sequence that correctly fills in the blanks is:

As stated by McCarthy, in An Introduction to English Morphology, “a proverb is a traditional saying, syntactically a sentence, whose conventional interpretation differs from what is suggested by the literal meaning of the words it contains”

Associate the meaning with the proverb.

PROVERBS

1. Beggars can't be choosers

2. Astitch in time saves nine

3. Every cloud has a silver lining

4. Too many cooks spoil the broth

5. Itis no use crying over spilt milk

MEANINGS

( ) If you depend on others, you can't be too picky.

( ) Even difficult situations have something positive hidden within them.

( ) Having too many people involved in a task makes it harder to complete.

( ) After an accident one should look to the future, rather than waste time wishing the accident had no happened.

( ) Anticipating a future problem and taking care to avoid it is less troublesome in the long run than responding to the problem after it has arisen.

The correct sequence of this association is:

In the title “TV for dogs booms but are they watching?”, the word in bold is closest in meaning to:

Which of the alternatives below has the correct explanation for the use of the word "would"?

Etymology explores the origins and historical development of words. Regarding the influence of other languages on the English lexicon, mark the CORRECT alternative.

In the sentence He advertised fake mermaids and a woman who claimed to be George Washington's 161-year-old nurse, the age expression 161-year-old is written in words as:

The study of lexicon is essential for expanding vocabulary and understanding texts in English, as it helps identify the meaning of words in different contexts. Choose the correct alternative about the use of words in English.

Which option correctly replaces the highlighted connective in paragraphs 1-5, without changing the meaning of the sentence?

Which question should you make if you want to use a friend's dictionary?

No segundo parágrafo do texto, a autora fala sobre como ampliar o vocabulário dando como exemplo o termo “green”, que pode ter significados diferentes de acordo com o contexto. O ensino da língua é, portanto, algo complexo e o ensino inadequado, desconsiderando diferenças sociais, culturais e regionais, pode levar a desigualdades no acesso ao conhecimento, uma vez que um aluno com pouco acesso dificilmente entenderia o termo no segundo exemplo citado. Esses desafios de ensino estão relacionados:

Qual dos seguintes elementos está diretamente relacionado ao estudo das expressões idiomáticas em língua inglesa?

Read the text below and choose the alternative that correctly fills in the blank.

“When looking for an apartment in the United States, it is common for prospective tenants to provide a landlord with ____________, which are typically people who can vouch for the applicant's character and reliability, ensuring the landlord that they are a responsible tenant who will not cause problems.”

In the last two sentences of text 7A2-I, the word

In the fragment of the music by the Beatles Here comes the sun “Here comes the sun / And I say, ‘It’s all right’”, and considering the poetic sense, the word “sun” means:

While discussing the notion of language functions with their students, a teacher shows them the following sentences:

• Have you considered leaving in the morning instead of now?

• If I were you, I’d think it over before taking action.

• How about giving this decision a second thought?

• It’s a good idea to rest for a while before you go on with the report.

The students are then asked to decide which shared function the four sentences serve, and they will be correct if they choose

Ao ensinar vocabulário, qual das seguintes técnicas é considerada mais eficaz para a retenção a longo prazo?

When a reader uses their "background knowledge" (schemata) to understand a text, what are they doing? Analyze the following statements:

I.They are activating their previous knowledge about the world, the topic of the text, and the text structure to make connections and build meaning.

II.They are using strategies such as skimming (reading for gist) and scanning (reading for specific details) to quickly navigate the text.

III.They are relying solely on the linguistic information (words and grammar) printed on the page, without making connections to their own experiences.

What is stated in the following is correct:

Analyze the following sentences according to vocabulary use.

1. Thunderstorm and lightning posed a significant threat to the safety of the performers on stage so they had to call off the show.

2. The doctor couldn’t tell the patient with any certainty what the outcome of the operation will be.

3. If a child knows that he can never get away with a bad behavior, then he is less likely to do it.

4. The exam was a piece of cake means it was very boring.

5. Tom is the most ill-mannered and disrespectful person I know. Actually, he’s always lying.

Select the alternative that indicates all the correct sentences.