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In the advanced reading of scientific discourse, the ability to perform complex inferences is intrinsically linked to the decoding of specific verbal and nominal structures. Associate the linguistic features (Column I) with their respective inferential demands in the teaching-learning process (Column II):
Linguistic Analysis Support
"The crystallization of the liquid occurred rapidly."
"The results might indicate a potential failure."
"The data were collected over a six-month period."
Column I
1- Strategic Nominalization
2 - Epistemic Modality (Hedging)
3 - Passive Voice with Agent Omission
Column II
( ) Requires the reader to infer the author’s degree of caution and avoid interpreting hypotheses as absolute facts.
( ) Requires the reader to infer the objectivity of the report by focusing on the scientific process rather than the individual researcher.
( ) Requires the reader to infer complex relationships between processes that have been condensed into abstract noun phrases.
HUTCHINSON, T.; WATERS, A. English for Specific Purposes: A learning-centred approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
Choose the alternative below that presents the correct sequence from top to bottom:
1 – 2 – 3
2 – 3 – 1
3 – 1 – 2
2 – 1 – 3
3 – 2 – 1
Texto base:
He decided to postpone the trip in order to focus on his academic responsibilities.
O infinitivo to focus expressa ideia de:
tempo
consequência
finalidade
condição
Auxiliary verbs are functional words used to express tense, mood, or voice in a sentence, working alongside main verbs. Understanding their different roles is crucial for accurate sentence construction. Mark the CORRECT alternative.
The auxiliary verb "have" is used to form the perfect tenses (present perfect, past perfect) and is also used in the passive voice formation when combined with the past participle of "be".
The auxiliary verb "be" must be omitted in interrogative sentences of the present continuous tense to avoid a double marking of the progressive aspect in the verbal phrase.
The auxiliary "do" is required to form negative and interrogative sentences in all English tenses, including sentences where the main verb is a modal verb like "should" or "might".
In the sentence "She has a car", the word "has" functions primarily as an auxiliary verb, indicating that the action of possessing is currently happening in the simple present tense.
The auxiliary "do" is used with the verb "to be" in negative sentences of the simple present, such as "He does not be a student", following the standard rule for all main verbs.
Choose the alternative that correctly completes the sentence below, using the appropriate phrasal verb with "turn" to express refusal or rejection. "Despite the excellent salary and benefits, the candidate ________ the job offer because it would require relocating to another country."
turned over
turned away
turned down
turned off
turned up
Choose the option that presents the two verbs that best express the meaning of ‘profile’, in ‘Building an automated tool to profile people as violent criminals’ (last paragraph of text CG1A7).
detect and judge
monitor and arrest
accuse and sentence
identify and categorize
consider and prosecute
Many common verbs have both formal and informal versions.
Identify the alternative that presents the informal equivalent of the formal expression purchase.
obtain
acquire
buy
collect
receive
Complete the sentence with the correct verb form:
"She ___ for hours, which explains why she is so tired."
has been study
been studying
is been studying
has studying
has been studying
Em “the classroom goes online”, o verbo GOES expressa:
hábito ou fato geral
ação passada concluída
hipótese futura
ação em progresso
A forma verbal correta para completar a frase é: If teachers _____ the context, learning becomes more meaningful.
will understand
understood
understand
are understanding
In the sentence “[...] to date, that has not happened” (l. 33-34), the author uses the Present Perfect because:
The event is a permanent truth.
The action occurred at a specific time in 2023.
It refers to a situation that continues from the past until the present moment.
It expresses a plan for the future.
Após uma breve análise linguística do 5º parágrafo (Text 2), é CORRETO afirmar que
por ser um trecho predominantemente descritivo, os verbos estão, em maioria, no Simple Present, com algumas ocorrências do Present Continuous.
se tratando de um texto meramente pedagógico, o autor empregou a maioria dos verbos no Simple Present, mas houve algumas ocorrências do Simple Past.
por ser um texto informativo, os verbos estão empregados, em maioria, no Simple Present, com exceção de algumas formas do Past Continuous.
se trata de um trecho narrativo, porém com descrições, em que os verbos estão no Simple Past e no Past Continuous, e alguma ocorrência do uso de forma nominal.
por se tratar de um texto injuntivo, vários verbos se encontram no modo Imperative, outros no Simple Present, com raras ocorrências de formas nominais.
Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence.
If I ___ you, I would accept the offer.
am
wasn't
were
had been
will be
No 'Reported Speech', quando o verbo introdutório está no passado, o 'Present Perfect' da fala direta deve ser convertido obrigatoriamente para o 'Past Perfect' na fala indireta.
Certo
Errado
Choose the right choice to complete the two sentences with the appropriate verb conjugations:
1 – What would you ____________ if you _____________ the accident on the street?
2 – She _________ just left, but he_________ yesterday.
1 – had did/ had saw
2 – have/ has arrived
1 – have doing/ had seen
2 – has had/ had had arrived
1 – have done/ have seen
2 – was/ was arriving
1 – did do/ did see
2 – did/ did/ was arrived
1 – have done/ had seen
2 – has/ arrived
The sentence "SpaceX has pulled off a successful test flight" uses which verb tense?
Simple past
Present perfect
Past perfect
Future continuous
Present continuous
Epistemic modality deals with degrees of certainty. When a speaker wants to express a logical deduction that something is impossible or false in the present, based on evidence, the correct modal structure involves a specific negative form. Choose the alternative that correctly completes the sentence: "That ______________ be the right house; the windows are different and the number is wrong."
mustn't
may not
can't
shouldn't
Understanding the "Subjunctive Mood" in English is essential for recognizing formal and hypothetical expressions. Regarding the use of the subjunctive mood and conditional structures, mark T, for true, and F, for false:
(__)The "Mandative Subjunctive" is used after certain verbs of requirement or suggestion (e.g., "The teacher recommended that she be present"), where the base form of the verb is used regardless of the subject.
(__)In hypothetical "If-clauses" referring to the present (Second Conditional), the verb "to be" traditionally takes the form "were" for all persons, as in "If I were you, I would study more."
(__)The subjunctive mood has completely disappeared from modern spoken English, being replaced in all contexts by the "Present Continuous" to express urgent demands or formal requests.
(__)The structure "I wish I had more time" uses a past tense form to express a hypothetical situation in the present, which is a common feature of non-factual or counterfactual statements.
After analysis, mark the option that presents the CORRECT sequence from top to bottom:
T, T, T, F.
T, F, F, T.
F, F, T, T.
F, T, T, F.
T, T, F, T.
From the options below, all verbs have an irregular past tense, except one. Identify it.
go
take
make
play
see
The -ed ending is used to form the past tense and past participle of regular verbs.
Mark the option in which the -ed ending pronunciation is the same.
coughed, waited, started
played, raised, stopped
needed, hoped, watched
washed, kissed, laughed
showed, worked, lived
Examine the verb tenses in: "In early 2022, with the escalation of the war in Ukraine, she was forced to leave her home of Kryvyi Rih in central Ukraine for Wroclaw." The temporal structure and verb choice carry specific aspectual meanings.
Which alternative correctly analyzes the aspectual function of the verb tense employed?
Simple past progressive emphasizing the ongoing process of displacement during the specified time frame.
Simple past passive indicating a completed action imposed upon the subject by external circumstances.
Past perfect progressive highlighting the duration of forced displacement before arrival in Wroclaw.
Present perfect passive establishing relevance of past displacement to current refugee status.
Past conditional expressing hypothetical displacement that might have occurred under different circumstances.