Questões de Concurso sobre Língua Inglesa - Compreensão e Interpretação de Texto

“Despite growing resources, the development of AI technology continues to outpace implementation support and essential training for teachers. This widening gap between teacher competencies and the demands of an AI-infused classroom is unsustainable.” (paragraph 3)

Within the context in use, the word “unsustainable” most nearly conveys the idea that the situation is:

Analyze the following statements based on the text:

I. Modifying school start times is presented as a possible strategy to benefit adolescents.

II. Early school starts are incompatible with adolescents’ biological rhythms.

III. Rachel Widome believes that sleep deprivation among adolescents is unavoidable.

Which ones are correct?

Education in Brazil: Challenges and Progress

1 Basic Education, particularly at the elementary level, has seen notable improvements in terms of access and enrollment rates over the past few decades. Literacy rates have increased, and the vast majority of children are now in school. However, the primary struggle lies in quality and equity. Standardized tests, like the Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (IDEB), frequently reveal that students in many public schools are not achieving adequate proficiency in core subjects like Portuguese and Mathematics. Public schools, which serve the majority of the population, often suffer from inadequate infrastructure, low teacher salaries, and a lack of pedagogical resources, contrasting sharply with the generally higher quality offered by private institutions. Furthermore, the dropout rate, particularly in High School (Ensino Médio), remains a persistent concern.

2 To address these systemic issues, recent reforms have focused on curricular changes, such as the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), which aims to standardize learning objectives across the nation. There is also a continuous push for the professional development and better remuneration of teachers. The future of education in Brazil rests on a concerted effort to improve the quality of public basic schools, ensuring that all students, regardless of their socio-economic status, have a genuine opportunity to succeed. Sustained and equitable funding, coupled with effective, long-term educational planning that addresses the needs of a diverse and large country, will be crucial for Brazil to fully leverage education as a true engine for social mobility and national development.

3 Higher Education in Brazil is highly selective and largely dominated by public universities, which are internationally recognized and offer tuition-free instruction. These institutions, such as the Universidade de São Paulo (USP) and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), are centers of excellence in research and teaching. Access is primarily gained through the highly competitive National High School Exam (ENEM), which is used to select students for public universities via the Sistema de Seleção Unificada (SiSU). A significant challenge in this sector has been ensuring access for students from underprivileged backgrounds. To combat this, the federal government implemented affirmative action policies (quotas), reserving a percentage of slots in public universities for students from public schools, those with low family incomes, and those of African or Indigenous descent, which has successfully diversified the student body.

4 Education in Brazil is a vast and complex system, undergoing continuous evolution while grappling with significant structural challenges. The country's education is generally divided into three main levels: Basic Education (comprising Early Childhood Education, Elementary School, and High School) and Higher Education. The Brazilian Constitution guarantees the right to education as a duty of the State and the family, making mandatory and free schooling for all children and adolescents aged 4 to 17. The system is highly decentralized, with the federal government, states, and municipalities sharing responsibilities, which often leads to disparities in funding, quality, and management across the different regions, particularly between the more developed South and Southeast and the less developed North and Northeast.

5 The core issue underpinning the Brazilian educational system is the profound inequity that mirrors the country's social and economic stratification. Students from affluent backgrounds overwhelmingly attend higherquality private basic schools, giving them a considerable advantage in securing spots at the prestigious public universities. The funding mechanism, despite constitutional mandates like the Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (FUNDEB), often fails to bridge the resource gap between wealthy and poor municipalities. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic severely exacerbated these issues, highlighting the digital divide and the lack of proper tools for remote learning in low-income households, leading to significant learning loss and increased inequality in educational outcomes.

What is the right order of the paragraphs?

A care home (line 01) can be inferred as

The sentence in the text “The family may regret that they ever let the scholars in.” (line 34) implies that

Analyze the statements below about the text and mark T, if true, or F, if false.

( ) In the sentence “An Australian 13-year-old who swam 4 km to shore” (l. 01), the relative pronoun “who” could be replaced by “that” without changing the meaning.

( ) The sentence “In a 1961 study, researchers found that people were immediately stronger” (l. 18) could be rewritten using the present perfect tense without any change in meaning.

( ) In the sentence “Once he had swum the 4 km to shore in fading light” (l. 09), the verb tense used expresses an action completed before another action in the past.

( ) In the sentence “His family was rescued floating about 14 km offshore” (l. 11-12), the verb form indicates an action performed by the subject “his family”.

The correct order of filling in the parentheses, from top to bottom, is:

According to the text, what mainly explains how the teenager managed to save his family?

Mark the alternative that presents the rewriting of the sentence below without changing its meaning.

“However, adults have larger hearts and lungs, and central nervous systems that do ‘not seem to fatigue as fast’, he said.” (l. 29-30).

The main purpose of the text is to:

“Indeed” in “Indeed, the analysis of its role for policy and governance mechanisms is made urgent” (1^st paragraph) indicates:

In the excerpt “threat actors differ enormously in their intentions and capabilities, which also change over time” (first paragraph), “which” refers to “threat actors”.

In the context of the text, the highlighted words “offshore” and “ashore” (l. 06) mean, respectively:

The main purpose of the text is to

Cross-linguistic influence affects how learners process vocabulary in their target language, particularly when surface similarities mask semantic divergence. The text contains terms that may give rise to misleading lexical associations for Brazilian Portuguese speakers.

Select the alternative that correctly identifies the semantic value of the term “scholarship” in the textual context and the lexical association that may interfere with its interpretation.

From the text, it can be inferred that inspections alone are sufficient to ensure compliance.

What was Plate and his colleague’s approach at a university course they taught some year ago?

Inferential comprehension goes beyond the literal meaning of the text, requiring the reader to combine prior knowledge with textual clues to deduce implicit information. Read the following excerpt: "John looked at the thermometer, grabbed his heavy coat and scarf, and braced himself before opening the door." Choose the alternative that best describes the inference a reader should make about the setting.

The word "gaps", as used in the second paragraph, refers to shortcomings or failures in the implementation of international human rights standards.

In paragraph 2, the sentence “The vessel dragged anchor and, even with its engines fully engaged, was unable to hold in position [...]’’ means that

The responsibility for checking storage conditions lies exclusively with pharmacists.