Questões de Concurso sobre Análise sintática | Parsing

 
 
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Assunto 1
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Consider the sentence: 'Had I known about the meeting, I would have attended.' Analyze the syntactic structure and judge the items below. Judge the following statements as True (T) or False (F).


(__)This is an example of a Third Conditional structure involving inversion.

(__)The inversion 'Had I known' replaces the standard 'If I had known' structure.

(__)The main clause 'I would have attended' expresses a hypothetical outcome in the present.

(__)The omission of 'If' triggers the mandatory inversion of the auxiliary verb and the subject.


Mark the alternative that shows the correct sequence, from top to bottom.


A

F, T, T, F.


B

T, T, T, F.


C

T, T, F, T.


D

T, F, F, T.

In the excerpt “Indeed, the first grammar of English, Bullokar’s Pamphlet for Grammar (1586), is said to have been written to demonstrate that the English language was in fact rule-based and could be analysed in the same way as Latin” (from paragraph 3), the underlined word (“Indeed”) can be correctly classified as:


A

A modal verb.


B

A linking verb.


C

A prefix.


D

An onomatopoeia.


E

A discourse marker.

According to Celse-Murcia (2013), when using the term “mechanics of writing”, we usually refer to the very early stage of the letter recognition and basic rules of spelling. Just beyond this early stage, we continue to expand the spelling rules, focus on punctuation and capitalization, and cover the comprehension and production of sentences and short paragraphs. The time devoted to developing the mechanism of writing serves the acquisition of both reading and writing.


What is the goal of teaching the mechanism of reading and writing?


A

To help the learner move from letters and words to meaningful sentences and larger units of discourse.


B

To help the learner build a good grammar acquisition and a better vocabulary in the target language.


C

To help the learner build a strong sense of pragmatics and improve the ability to write messages.


D

To help the learner practice sound correspondence specially when this person comes from a different writing system.

Sintagmas nominais são unidades sintáticas compostas de um núcleo (um substantivo) e seus modificadores. No trecho “Martin-the-conductor’s flippant enquiry”, retirado do primeiro parágrafo, o núcleo do sintagma nominal é


A

Martin-the-conductor.


B

Martin.


C

conductor.


D

flippant enquiry.


E

enquiry.

Saussure, considered the “father” of Applied linguistics, establishes, in the beginning of the XIX century, four pairs of linguistic concepts, which he calls dichotomies.


The option that names his four dichotomies is


A

Langue/Parole, Syntagmatic/Paradigmatic, Signal/Signified, Synchronic/Diachronic.


B

Synchronic/Diachronic, Syntagmatic/Paradidactic, Langue/Parole, Signifier/Signified.


C

Signifier/Signified, Langue/Parole, Synchrony/Diachrony, Syntagm/Paradigm.


D

Language/Parole, Syntagmatic/Paradigmatic, Signifier/Signified, Synchronic/Diachronic.

Syntactic analysis is essential to understand the function of words in a sentence and the correct structure of sentences in English. Choose the correct alternative about the syntactic analysis of the sentence: "The boy is reading a book in the library."


A

In the sentence, "The boy" is the nominal predicate, "is reading" is the verbal predicate, and "a book" is the direct object.


B

In the sentence, "The boy" is the subject, "is reading" is the direct object, and "a book" is the verbal complement.


C

In the sentence, "The boy" is the verbal complement, "is reading" is the nominal predicate, and "a book" is the subject.


D

In the sentence, "The boy" is the subject, "is reading" is the verbal predicate, and "a book" is the direct object.

Relate the Column 1 to Column 2, associating the reading strategy with its definition.


Column 1


1. Skimming.

2. Scanning.

3. Predicting.

4. Context clues.

5. Summarizing.


Column 2


( ) Going through the text without reading every word, searching for specific information like dates, numbers, or names.

( ) Using surrounding words or sentences to figure out the meaning of unfamiliar words.

( ) Guessing the content of a text before reading it, based on the title, headings, or visuals. This helps activate prior knowledge and set expectations.

( ) Using the reader own words to state the main points of the text.

( ) Quickly reading the text to get a general overview or the “gist” of the content. Useful to find specific information such as keywords, phrases, or overall themes.


The correct order of filling in the parentheses, from top to bottom, is:


A

1 – 4 – 5 – 3 – 2.


B

3 – 5 – 4 – 2 – 1.


C

4 – 2 – 1 – 5 – 3.


D

2 – 4 – 3 – 5 – 1.


E

1 – 5 – 3 – 4 – 2.

A morfossintaxe combina aspectos morfológicos e sintáticos para estudar a formação de palavras e suas funções em uma frase. Na frase "She is reading a book," qual a função sintática de "reading"?


A

Sujeito.


B

Objeto direto.


C

Verbo principal no gerúndio.


D

Adjetivo qualificativo.

What is the function of the phrase "to complete the project" in the sentence: "She struggled to complete the project"?


A

Adjunct


B

Verb complement


C

Subject complement


D

Object complement

Considering the sentence: “After I completed my house chores, I went to the mall” the clause in bold can be classified as:


A

Adverbial clause.


B

Noun clause.


C

Verbal clause.


D

Adjective clause.


E

Independent clause.

Analyze the sentences below.


|. “(...) to burn endless piles of cash in their bids to compete with the streamer (...)”.

Il. “The company handily beat expectations (...)".

II. "And given that streaming giant is the trendsetter in the space, one could expect that (...)".

IV. Netflix forecasted its subscriber growth to be lower in quarter two (...)".


Choose the correct answer.


A

"Handily" and “lower” are manner adverbs in sentences Il and IV, respectively.


B

While "one" is a cardinal number in sentence III, “two” is an ordinal number in sentence IV.


C

"Their" is a relative pronoun in sentence I.


D

In sentence I, "endless" is an adjective.

In the fragment “[...] it is important to acknowledge that a number of writers [...]”, the use of the particle to is the same as in


A

I’d love to see it.


B

It is going to rain.


C

I have to go now.


D

She needed to shop.


E

It is hard to say.

Nominal clauses cannot stand alone as complete sentences because they are dependent clauses. Instead, they function as nouns within a sentence and rely on an independent clause to form a complete thought.


C

Certo


E

Errado

Read text 3 above and check the alternative in which the list of grammatical terms correspond, respectively, to the sequence of the highlighted words.


A

definite article – conjunction – phrasal verb – modal verb.


B

Preposition of place – modal verb – adjective – definite article.


C

modal verb – indefinite article – adjective – preposition.


D

Preposition of time – phrasal verb – adjective – definite article.

As regards the words in bold type, put number 01 if their use is CORRECT or number 02 if INCORRECT.


( ) I do everything while listening to music.

( ) Julia has been married with Gregory since 2009.

( ) She’s usually busy at 11 o’clock.

( ) Knife is the usefulest tool.

( ) Do you think today is colder than yesterday?


In the order presented, the CORRECT sequence is:


A

01 – 02 – 02 – 01 – 01.


B

02 – 01 – 01 – 01 – 02.


C

01 – 02 – 01 – 02 – 01.


D

02 – 02 – 02 – 01 – 02.


E

01 – 01 – 01 – 02 – 01

Which of the sentences below contain a connective word that CANNOT BE omitted without affecting syntax or meaning?


A

She is a volunteer that has been helping monitor birds”


B

“I never knew that that was near to where I live”


C

The song that you performed yesterday at the show is my favourite!


D

I believe that you owe me an apology.

Na opinião do narrador do texto, o sinal de ponto e vírgula


A

representa atraso em termos linguísticos.


B

é invenção considerada dispensável.


C

causa dificuldades para revisores de textos.


D

tem seu uso confundido com o da vírgula.


E

é predominante em transcrição de diálogos.

Ano: 2024
Prova: Objetiva Concursos - Prefeitura de Vila Boa - Professor - Área: Português/Inglês - 2024

Which of the following items is written INCORRECTLY?


A

After completing her degree in engineering, Maria pursued a career in renewable energy.


B

The children played joyfully in the park, their laughter echoing through the trees.


C

The teacher told us to be quite while she explained the lesson, but some students kept whispering to each other.


D

He carefully crafted his argument, ensuring each point was supported by solid evidence and logical reasoning.

Analyse the set of sentences to indicate the option that does NOT fit them.


1. Not only did they arrive late but they talked throughout the film.

2. Rarely do we find such talent.

3. Never have I been so happy to see someone.

4. Barely had she got back in bed when her alarm went off.

5. Seldom has she taken a day off work.

6. No sooner had the game started than the captain was taken ill.

7. Only later did they discover they hadn't been told the truth.

8. Under no circumstances should children travel without an adult

9. Little do people realise how hard it is to be a chef.

10. In no way did we agree to this.


A

Inversions add emphasis to ideas that are exposed.


B

There is use of several types of negative adverbials.


C

The sentences displays punctuation inconsistencies.


D

The sentences are targeting more persuasive effect.

   
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